When visitors find Tokyo exhilarating, they may not even realize it’s due to the seamless melding of an eye-popping metropolis with the spirit and traditions of Edo, as the capital was known under the shoguns. We share echoes of that earlier age, from sweet confections favored by the Tokugawa to designs by ukiyo-e artists that still shock and charm today in expressions as diverse as tattoos and towels.